Ardderrynagleragh

Antoinette Lydon

Ardderrynagleragh is in the civil parish of Kilcummin. The civil Parish corresponds with the following Church of Ireland parish of Kilcummin, Galway West. In general the civil parish and the Church of Ireland parish are the same as is the case in the Kilcummin Oughterard area.

Irish Form of Name: Ard Doire na g-Cléirech

Translation: height of the oakwood of the clerics or clergymen

Parish: Kilcummin
View all place names in this civil parish.

Other Forms of the Name:

Arderrynagleragh
Ard Doire na g-Cléirech
Ard doire na gcléireach
Ardderrynagleragh Boundary Surveyor
Ardderrynagleragh Barony Cess Book
Ardderrynagleragh Local
Arderra – Rector of Kilcummin

Neighbouring Townlands:

A list of townlands that share a border with this townland:

This is a list of townlands that share a border with this townland.

Other placenames in this townland:

Some other placenames in or near this townland are:

Landlord

Thomas B. Martin of Ballynahinch Castle.

Thomas B. Martin is a member of the Martin (Ross) family.

The land in Arderrynagleragh is very bad and very rocky in parts. It contains 1,199¼ acres of land. It is for the most part mountain with exception of a few patches covered with rocks. There is also a bye road passes through this townland towards the western extremity. There is about 8 acres of arable land and 271¼ acres not in this townland.

Information from the Down Survey Website:

The Down Survey is a mapped survey. Using the Civil Survey as a guide, teams of surveyors, mainly former soldiers, were sent out under Petty’s direction to measure every townland to be forfeited to soldiers and adventurers. The resulting maps, made at a scale of 40 perches to one inch (the modern equivalent of 1:50,000), were the first systematic mapping of a large area on such a scale attempted anywhere. The primary purpose of these maps was to record the boundaries of each townland and to calculate their areas with great precision. The maps are also rich in other detail showing churches, roads, rivers, castles, houses and fortifications. Most towns are represented pictorially and the cartouches, the decorative titles, of each map in many cases reflect a specific characteristic of each barony. (http://downsurvey.tcd.ie)

The Down Survey website will tell you who owned this townland in 1641 (pre Cromwell) and in 1671 (post Cromwell).

Down Survey website
Townland of ARDDERRYNAGLERAGH

Down Survey Name: Ardirryneglearragh
1641 Owner(s): Clanrickard, Earl of (Protestant)
1670 Owner(s): Clanrickard, Earl of (Protestant)
County: Galway
Barony: Muckullin
Parish: Killcumyn
Unprofitable land: 792 plantation acres
Profitable land: 42 plantation acres
Forfeited: 42 plantation acres

The Tithe Applotment Books

About the Records

Tithes were a tax on agricultural produce which was payable by the occupiers of agricultural land. They were the main source of income for the parish clergy of the Church of Ireland (the largest Protestant church and the church established by law). However, in many parishes a large part of the tithes were ‘appropriate’, which meant that they were payable to a bishop, cathedral chapter or other ecclesiastical recipient, or were ‘impropriate’, which generally meant that they were payable to a local landowner. The parishes used in the Tithe Applotment Books are civil or Church of Ireland parishes, which often differ in name and territory from Catholic parishes, Acts of Parliament of 1823 and 1832 provided for the conversion of tithes into a fixed charge on land, and specified the average price of wheat or oats in the parish in the seven years before 1821 as the basis on which the tithes would be calculated. They also extended the application of tithes to pasture, where previously they had been levied only on tillage.

This change in the law resulted in the valuation of individual holdings in almost all parishes containing agricultural land, in order to assess the portion of the tithes for which each occupier of land would be liable. The apportionment was recorded for each Church of Ireland parish in a Tithe Composition Applotment Book. The information was collected and the amounts were calculated by two Parochial Commissioners, one of whom was appointed by the cess-payers of the parish and the other by the relevant Diocese of the Church of Ireland. This procedure was carried out in over 2,500 parishes between the years 1823 and 1837.

The Tithe Applotment Books are in a variety of formats, from a few pages sewn together to elaborately bound volumes. In most cases they are written in manuscript throughout, although some consist of manuscript entries on printed questionnaires. The information in the books is broadly uniform and generally includes at least the name of occupier; the size of holding, the valuation and the tithe payable. In some cases more detailed information is provided. Some volumes have maps and most have certificates and correspondence attached.

The sub-divisions of the parish were recorded. Some of these subdivisions, such as ploughlands, ceased to be in official use after the six inch survey of the Ordnance Survey was completed in the 1840s. Only productive land was subject to tithe, and the books usually distinguish between this tithable land and untithable land such as roads or mountains. Tithable land was in some cases classified by quality, and a money value was given to each class. In some cases the proportion of tithe payable to the rector, vicar or lay proprietor of the tithes was set out. The column for observations was sometimes completed, with information about commonage, for example.

There are a number of other points that should be noted. The acreages given in the Tithe Applotment Books are in Irish or Plantation measure, which is 1.62 times larger than statute measure. Only occupiers of land at the time of the tithe composition are recorded, so not all heads of households living in a parish at the time are included. Only rural areas are systematically covered, although inhabitants of towns who held plots of cultivable land are included. The equivalent tax in urban areas, Minister’s Money, has left few records.

The Tithe Applotment Books are an important source of information for a wide variety of researchers of pre-Famine Ireland. They provide the first surviving national list of the occupiers of land, and are used by genealogists as a partial substitute for returns of the 1821 and 1831 censuses of population, which were destroyed in 1922. They also record information on the quality of land, and provide information on pre-Ordnance Survey territorial divisions, some of which were not recognised after the 1840s.

The National Archives hold the original Tithe Applotment Books only for the twenty-six counties of the Republic of Ireland. The books for the six counties of Northern Ireland are held in the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland in Belfast. (http://titheapplotmentbooks.nationalarchives.ie/search/tab/aboutmore.jsp)

No entry for Arderrynagleragh in the Tithe Applotment Books.

Griffiths’s Valuation

In Griffith’s valuation the area was 1410 acres,1 rood & 2 perch with a land value £9 10s 0d. Total Annual valuation of rateable property was £5 0s 0d.

Occupiers of the land

Henry Hodgson

Immediate Lessor

In Fee meaning that the occupier is also the legal owner of the property;

http://www.askaboutireland.ie/griffith-valuation/index.xml?action=doNameSearch&PlaceID=558925

Poor Law Union Ireland

In Ireland the Poor Relief Act of 1838 divided into districts or “unions” in which the local taxable inhabitants were to be financially responsible for all paupers in the area. In 1898 the Poor Law Union was adopted as the basic administrative division in place of the civil parish and barony. Further subdivision into 828 registration districts and 3,751 district electoral divisions followed. Townlands were not arranged according to these divisions with parish and barony retained as a means to make comparisons with records gathered before 1898.

The 1838 Act

The main provisions of the 1838 Act were:

The extension of the existing Poor Law Commissioners’ powers to Ireland, with the appointment of Assistant Commissioners who were to implement the Act in Ireland.
The division of the country into Poor Law Unions based on Irish electoral divisions which were they made up from townlands.
The creation of a Board of Guardians for each Union, two-thirds of whom were to be elected, the other third to be appointed ex officio.
The setting up of a workhouse in each Union.
The collection of a local poor-rate to finance the system.
Assistance for emigration.

Initially, 130 Unions were created, based upon 2,049 electoral divisions. The divisions were composed of townlands, a peculiarly Irish unit, traditionally of 120 Irish acres in area. (Between 1848 and 1850, an additional 33 Unions were created by subdividing and reorganizing the boundaries of some existing Unions, particularly in the west of the country.

Boards of Guardians were elected annually on 25th March. Only rate-payers were eligible for election, which effectively disenfranchised most of the native Irish who were usually tenants at this time. Rate-payers were allowed between one and six votes depending on the size of a valuation of their property.

What is a townland?

A townland is one of the smallest land divisions in Ireland. They range in size from a few acres to thousands of acres. Many are Gaelic in origin, but some came into existence after the Norman invasion of 1169

Townland information:

Ardderrynagleragh is a townland.

Population & Census Information

People who lived here:

You can retrieve a list of people who lived in this townland from 1827 to 1911. This list is compiled from the following resources.

The Tithe Applotment Books
Griffith’s Valuation
1901 Census
1911 Census

List of nineteenth century and early twentieth century inhabitants.

Census 1841-1891

1841 – No house with no people

1851 – No house with no people

1861 – 1 house with 0 people

1871 – No house with no people

1881 – 1 house (1 inhabited) with 8 people (4 males / 4 females). There was 1 outbuilding. Total Valuation of Houses & Lands £5 5s 0d.

1891 – 1 house (1 inhabited) with 7 people (4 males / 3 females). There were was 1 outbuilding. Total Valuation of Houses & Lands £5 5s 0d.

Census 1901 Ardderrynagleragh

This is a return of the member of the family, their Visitors, Boarders, and Servants who slept or abode in their house on the night of 31st of March 1901 in Ardderrynagleragh. There was 1 house listed in the townland of Ardderrynagleragh. All 5 residents (2 females / 3 males) were all Roman Catholics. There were a total of 3 farm buildings and out offices which included a stable and 2 cow houses.

The people that lived in Ardderrynagleragh were born in Co. Galway.

Enumerator Extract

House & Building Return

Out Offices & Farm Steadings

House 1

Thomas Walsh aged 60 was head of the family married to Sarah aged 60, they lived with their children Thomas aged 35, Margaret aged 21 & John aged 18, all single.

Thomas was a herd and son Thomas was a herd’s son. Thomas (father) & Margaret could not read. Sarah, Thomas (son) & John could read and write. Thomas, Sarah, Thomas (son) & John spoke Irish & English. Margaret was listed as dumb.

They lived in a 3^rd class house with 3 rooms and 2 front windows. They had 2 cow houses and a stable.

House 1 Census Return 1901

Census 1911 – Ardderrynagleragh

This is a return of the Members of the families in Ardderrynagleragh, their visitors, boarders and servants who slept or abode in the house on the night of Sunday 2nd April 1911.

There was 1 house listed in the Townland of Ardderrynagleragh. Of the people living in Ardderrynagleragh all 5 (3 males/2 females) were Roman Catholics.

People that lived in Ardderrynagleragh were born included Co. Galway. There were a total of 2 farm buildings and out offices which included a cow house & a piggery.

Enumerator Extract

House & Building Return

Out Offices & Farm Steadings

House 1

Thomas Walsh aged 75 was head of the family married to Julia aged 74, they lived with their children Thomas aged 48, Mary aged 32 & John aged 29, all single.

Thomas was a farmer and son Thomas & John were labourers. Thomas (father), Julia, Thomas (son) & Mary could not read or write. John could read and write. Thomas, Julia & John spoke Irish & English. Thomas (son) spoke Irish. Mary was listed as deaf & dumb.

They lived in a 3^rd class house with 2 rooms and 2 front windows. They had a cow house and a piggery.

Thomas & Julia were married for 42 years; they had 7 children with 6 still living at the time of the census.

House 1 Census Return 1911

Out Offices and Land

The out office was a farm building, a cow house, piggery or barn. The land was very poor and sterile and people were always poverty-stricken. At this time most tenants were trying to eke out a living on 5 acres or less and a farmer needed at least 15.3 acres to survive.

Church records of births, deaths and marriages:

Church records of births, deaths and marriages are available online at http://www.rootsireland.ie. To search these records you will need to know the ‘church parish’ rather than the ‘civil parish’. (The civil parish is the pre-reformation parish and was frequently used as a unit of administration in the past.)

Ardderrynagleragh is in the civil parish of Kilcummin.