Bunnagippaun

Antoinette Lydon

Bunnagippaun is in the civil parish of Kilcummin. The civil Parish corresponds with the following Church of Ireland parish of Kilcummin, Galway West. In general the civil parish and the Church of Ireland are the same as is the case in the Kilcummin Oughterard area.

Bunnagippaun is in the Electoral Division of Oughterard, in Civil Parish of Kilcummin, in the Barony of Moycullen, in the County of Galway

Irish Form of Name: Bun na g-Ciopán

Translation: bottom of the stocks or stumps of trees

Parish: Kilcummin

Other Forms of the Name:

Bunnagippaun
Bun na g-Ciopán
Bun na g-ciopan
Bunnagippaun Boundary Surveyor
Bunnagippane Barony Cess Book
Bunagipaun County Map
Bunnagippaun Local
Bunagippaun Barony Map
Bonnygippane Inquis. Temp. Car. I
Bunnegarpan Inquis. Temp. Jac. I

Area:

Bunnagippaun has very bad wet and mountainous land. It contains 331½ acres, about 60 acres of which are under tillage and pasture, the remainder is mountain pasture. There is 7 acres of water included in this area, a bye road passes through it.

Boundaries:

Bunnagippaun borders the following other townlands:

Other placenames in this townland:

Some other placenames in or near this townland are

Information From Joyce’s Place Names

Translation according to P. W. Joyce

Bunnagippaun in Galway ; Bun-na-gceapán [-gap-paun], the end of the standing stakes or stocks or tree-trunks.

Another word for a tree-stock, stake, or block, is ceap [cap], which is often used and applied in much the same sense as smut: cognate with Lat. Cippus, a sharp stake, and with Welsh, cyff, a trunk. It generally appears in the anglicised form kip, which represents the genitive cip. In 1573, a battle was fought between two parties of the O’Briens of Thomond, at a place which the Four Masters call Bel-an-chip, the (ford-) mouth of the tree-trunk; the name is now Knockakip, which is applied to a hill on the sea-shore near Lahinch in the county Clare.

Landlord

Thomas B. Martin of Ballynahinch Castle.

Martin (Ross) – The Martin family were established beside Ross Lake in the barony of Moycullen, county Galway, from the late 16th century, where they purchased land from the O’Flahertys. They were Royalist supporters and were dispossessed of their property in the city of Galway by the Cromwellians. Robert Martin received a grant of 2,909 acres in the barony of Moycullen, by patent dated 21 Aug 1677. Jasper Martin of Ross, who died in 1700, had two sons Jasper and Richard, from whom descend the two branches of the family settled at Ross and Ballynahinch. Nicholas Martin, who died in 1811, married Elizabeth O’Hara, daughter of Robert O’Hara of Lenaboy, and according to Burke’s ”Landed Gentry”, a grandniece of James O’Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley. Their grandson, James Martin of Ross, had sixteen children from his two marriages. His daughter, Maud, married H. Callwell and they were the parents of the author, J. M. Callwell. The youngest daughter of James Martin was Violet Florence Martin of the well known literary team Somerville and Ross. The Martins of Ross owned 5,767 acres in county Galway in the 1870s. They advertised the sale of their estate in the Landed Estates’ Court in May 1885.

Martin (Ballynahinch) – A branch of the Anglo Norman family of Martin, one of the Tribes of Galway, was granted the O’Flaherty lands in the Connemara region in the mid 17th century. This family were a junior branch of the Martins of Ross and under the Acts of Settlement were granted vast estates in counties Galway, Mayo, Roscommon, Clare and Sligo. By a patent dated 1698 they were confirmed in the possession of their Connemara estate known as the Manor of Claremount by King William. The Westport Estate Papers document the sale of over 27,000 acres in the baronies of Moycullen and Ballynahinch by the trustees for the sale of Colonel John Browne’s estate to John Edwards for Richard Martin in 1699. The early generations of Martins lived at Birch Hall and Dangan, in the townland of Oranhill, parish of Rahoon, near Galway city. Richard Martin, better known as ‘Humanity Dick’, was the first member of the family to be reared as a Protestant. He was a famous duellist and founded the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Ballynahinch Castle was built in the centre of his estate. His son Thomas Martin died in 1847 during the Famine and Thomas’s only daughter and heir, Mary Laetita, inherited a heavily encumbered estate. She married her cousin, Arthur Gonne Bell, and died in New York in 1850. The Martin estates were offered for sale in two sections in 1849. Their property close to Galway town included Dangan, Corcullen, Bushypark and Killeen. Their Connemara estate was acquired by the Law Life Assurance Society in 1852, to whom it was heavily mortgaged. In 1853 the estate of almost 200,000 acres was surveyed by Thomas Colville Scott for a prospective buyer. Richard Martin, second son of Richard ‘Humanity Dick’ Martin of Ballynahinch, is recorded as holding five townlands in the parish of Killannin, barony of Moycullen, county Galway, at the time of Griffith’s Valuation although he emigrated to Canada in 1833. He was also recorded as the occupier of Clareville, a Martin home in the village of Oughterard. Many of his descendants still reside in Canada. http://www.martinhistory.net/

Thomas B. Martin is a member of the Martin (Ross) family.

Downs Survey

The Down Survey website will tell you who owned this townland in 1641 (pre Cromwell) and in 1671 (post Cromwell).

The Down Survey is a mapped survey. Using the Civil Survey as a guide, teams of surveyors, mainly former soldiers, were sent out under Petty’s direction to measure every townland to be forfeited to soldiers and adventurers. The resulting maps, made at a scale of 40 perches to one inch (the modern equivalent of 1:50,000), were the first systematic mapping of a large area on such a scale attempted anywhere. The primary purpose of these maps was to record the boundaries of each townland and to calculate their areas with great precision. The maps are also rich in other detail showing churches, roads, rivers, castles, houses and fortifications. Most towns are represented pictorially and the cartouches, the decorative titles, of each map in many cases reflect a specific characteristic of each barony. (http://downsurvey.tcd.ie)

Townland of BUNNAGIPPAUN

Down Survey Name: Bunnagippane
1641 Owner(s): Clanrickard, Earl of (Protestant)
1670 Owner(s): Blake, Walter (Protestant)
County: Galway
Barony: Muckullin
Parish: Killcumyn
Unprofitable land: 383 plantation acres
Profitable land: 37 plantation acres
Forfeited: 37 plantation acres

Down Survey website

The Tithe Applotment Books

About the Records

Tithes were a tax on agricultural produce which was payable by the occupiers of agricultural land. They were the main source of income for the parish clergy of the Church of Ireland (the largest Protestant church and the church established by law). However, in many parishes a large part of the tithes were ‘appropriate’, which meant that they were payable to a bishop, cathedral chapter or other ecclesiastical recipient, or were ‘impropriate’, which generally meant that they were payable to a local landowner. The parishes used in the Tithe Applotment Books are civil or Church of Ireland parishes, which often differ in name and territory from Catholic parishes, Acts of Parliament of 1823 and 1832 provided for the conversion of tithes into a fixed charge on land, and specified the average price of wheat or oats in the parish in the seven years before 1821 as the basis on which the tithes would be calculated. They also extended the application of tithes to pasture, where previously they had been levied only on tillage.

This change in the law resulted in the valuation of individual holdings in almost all parishes containing agricultural land, in order to assess the portion of the tithes for which each occupier of land would be liable. The apportionment was recorded for each Church of Ireland parish in a Tithe Composition Applotment Book. The information was collected and the amounts were calculated by two Parochial Commissioners, one of whom was appointed by the cess-payers of the parish and the other by the relevant Diocese of the Church of Ireland. This procedure was carried out in over 2,500 parishes between the years 1823 and 1837.

The Tithe Applotment Books are in a variety of formats, from a few pages sewn together to elaborately bound volumes. In most cases they are written in manuscript throughout, although some consist of manuscript entries on printed questionnaires. The information in the books is broadly uniform and generally includes at least the name of occupier; the size of holding, the valuation and the tithe payable. In some cases more detailed information is provided. Some volumes have maps and most have certificates and correspondence attached.

The sub-divisions of the parish were recorded. Some of these subdivisions, such as ploughlands, ceased to be in official use after the six inch survey of the Ordnance Survey was completed in the 1840s. Only productive land was subject to tithe, and the books usually distinguish between this tithable land and untithable land such as roads or mountains. Tithable land was in some cases classified by quality, and a money value was given to each class. In some cases the proportion of tithe payable to the rector, vicar or lay proprietor of the tithes was set out. The column for observations was sometimes completed, with information about commonage, for example.

There are a number of other points that should be noted. The acreages given in the Tithe Applotment Books are in Irish or Plantation measure, which is 1.62 times larger than statute measure. Only occupiers of land at the time of the tithe composition are recorded, so not all heads of households living in a parish at the time are included. Only rural areas are systematically covered, although inhabitants of towns who held plots of cultivable land are included. The equivalent tax in urban areas, Minister’s Money, has left few records.

The Tithe Applotment Books are an important source of information for a wide variety of researchers of pre-Famine Ireland. They provide the first surviving national list of the occupiers of land, and are used by genealogists as a partial substitute for returns of the 1821 and 1831 censuses of population, which were destroyed in 1922. They also record information on the quality of land, and provide information on pre-Ordnance Survey territorial divisions, some of which were not recognised after the 1840s.

The National Archives hold the original Tithe Applotment Books only for the twenty-six counties of the Republic of Ireland. The books for the six counties of Northern Ireland are held in the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland in Belfast. (http://titheapplotmentbooks.nationalarchives.ie/search/tab/aboutmore.jsp)

Tithe Applotment – Bunnagippaun

Henry Burke, Dany Burke, Michl Burke, John Carter, Owen Connely, Peter Walsh & John Walsh had a total of 10acres of land; 5 acres of land of 2nd quality land with a payment of 1s and 5 acres of 3rd quality land with a payment of 3d.

http://titheapplotmentbooks.nationalarchives.ie/search/tab/results.jsp?county=Galway&parish=Kilcummin&townland=Bunnagippaun&search=Search&sort=last_name_sort

Griffiths Valuation 1850’s

In Griffith’s Valuation the area was 313 acres 2 rood & 29 perches with a land value of £13 10s 0d. Value of Buildings was £1 10s 0d, and the total value is £15 0s 0d.

Occupiers

John Walsh, Peter Walsh, Thomas Conneely & Daniel Conneely.

Immediate Lessor: Directors of the Law Life Assurance Co.

http://www.askaboutireland.ie/griffith-valuation/index.xml?action=doNameSearch&PlaceID=559662

Out Offices and Land

The out office was a farm building, a cow house, piggery or barn. The land was very poor and sterile and people were always poverty-stricken. At this time most tenants were trying to eke out a living on 5 acres or less and a farmer needed at least 15.3 acres to survive.

Poor Law Union Ireland

In Ireland the Poor Relief Act of 1838 divided into districts or “unions” in which the local taxable inhabitants were to be financially responsible for all paupers in the area. In 1898 the Poor Law Union was adopted as the basic administrative division in place of the civil parish and barony. Further subdivision into 828 registration districts and 3,751 district electoral divisions followed. Townlands were not arranged according to these divisions with parish and barony retained as a means to make comparisons with records gathered before 1898.

The 1838 Act

The main provisions of the 1838 Act were:

  • The extension of the existing Poor Law Commissioners’ powers to Ireland, with the appointment of Assistant Commissioners who were to implement the Act in Ireland.
  • The division of the country into Poor Law Unions based on Irish electoral divisions which were themselves made up from townlands.
  • The creation of a Board of Guardians for each Union, two-thirds of whom were to be elected, the other third to be appointed ex officio.
  • The setting up of a workhouse in each Union.
  • The collection of a local poor-rate to finance the system.
  • Assistance for emigration.

Initially, 130 Unions were created, based upon 2,049 electoral divisions. The divisions were composed of townlands, a peculiarly Irish unit, traditionally of 120 Irish acres in area. (Between 1848 and 1850, an additional 33 Unions were created by subdividing and reorganizing the boundaries of some existing Unions, particularly in the west of the country.

Boards of Guardians were elected annually on 25th March. Only rate-payers were eligible for election, which effectively disenfranchised most of the native Irish who were usually tenants at this time. Rate-payers were allowed between one and six votes depending on the size of a valuation of their property.

Townlands

A town land is one of the smallest land divisions in Ireland. They range in size from a few acres to thousands of acres. Many are Gaelic in origin, but some came into existence after the Norman invasion 1169. Bunnagippaun is a townland.

Population & Census Information 

You can retrieve a list of people who lived in this townland from 1827 to 1911. This list is compiled from the following resources.

  • The Tithe Applotment Books
  • Griffith’s Valuation
  • 1901 Census
  • 1911 Census

List of nineteenth century and early twentieth century inhabitants.

Census 1841/1891

1841 – 6 houses with 39 people

1851 – 5 houses with 30 people

1861 – 6 houses with 33 people

1871 – 3 houses with 18 people

1881 – 4 houses with 24 people (13 males & 11 females) Valuation of Houses & Lands £15 0s 0d. There were 6 outbuildings in the townland in 1881.

1891 – 5 houses with 24 people (13 males & 11 females) Valuation of Houses & Lands £15 0s 0d. There were 7 outbuildings in the townland in 1891.

Census 1901 Bunnagippaun

This is a return of the member of the family, their Visitors, Boarders, and Servants who slept or abode in their house on the night of 31st of March 1901 in Bunnagippaun. There were 5 houses listed in the townland of Bunnagippaun. Of the people living in Bunnagippaun 28 (13 females/15males) all were Roman Catholics.

All 28 People that lived in Bunnagippaun were born in Co. Galway.

There were a total of 5 farm buildings and out offices which included 4 cow houses & a piggery

Class of House: The class of house depended on the materials used in the roof, walls, number of rooms and number of front windows. A 1st class house was considered the highest standard.

Walls of the houses: The walls were of stone, brick, and concrete or of mud, wood or other perishable material. The house in Bunnagippaun was built of stone, brick or concrete. There were no mud cabins.

House Occupancy: 4 Houses were occupied on the night of the Census, 1 house was unoccupied.

Enumerator’s Extract

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai000840573/

House and Building Return

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai000840575/

Return of Out Offices & Farm Steadings

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai000840576/

House 1

Patk (Patrick) Hopkins aged 37 was head of the family; married to Bridget aged 36, they lived with their children Mary aged 8 Barbara aged 5 and mother in law Mary Conneely aged 80.

Patk was a farmer, daughter Mary was a scholar, and mother in law Mary was a widow. None of the household could read. Patk, Bridget & Mary Conneely spoke only Irish. Mary Hopkins spoke Irish & English.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 2 front windows. They had 1 cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/1394562/

Mary Hopkins Daughter aged 8 went onto marry Coleman Dunlop in 1916

Marriage record of Mary Hopkins & Coleman Dunlop

House 2

Patrick Conneely aged 40 was head of the family; married to Catherine aged 35, they lived with their children Pat aged 6, Owen aged 5, Andrew aged 4, Mary aged 3 & William aged 2.

Patrick was a farmer. Patrick & Catherine could read & write & spoke Irish & English. The children could not read. Pat could read & write.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 2 front windows. They had 1 cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/1394563/

House 3

Martin Conneely aged 35 was head of the family; married to Mary aged 30, they lived with their children Margaret aged 6, Thos (Thomas) aged 4, Patk (Patrick) aged 2 & Daniel aged 8 months.

Martin was a farmer, he could read and write. Mary & Margaret spoke Irish & English. Mary, Margaret, Thos, Patk & Daniel could not read.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 2 front windows. They had a cow house & a piggery. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/1394564/

House 4

Owen Conneely aged 60 was head of the family, married to Honor aged 50, they lived with their children Mary Anne aged 17, John aged 16, Delia aged 15, Patk (Patrick) aged 13, Thomas aged 11, Margaret aged 8, Kate aged 6 & Daniel aged 2.

Owen was a farmer, Mary Anne & Delia were farmer’s daughters and John was a farmer’s son. Patk, Thomas & Margaret were scholars.

Owen, Kate & Daniel could not read. Honor could only read. Mary Anne, John, Delia, Patk & Thomas could read & write.

Owen, Honor, Mary Anne, John, Delia, Patk & Thomas spoke Irish & English.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 2 front windows. They had a cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1901/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/1394565/

Census 1911 – Bunnagippaun

This is a return of the Members of the families in Bunnagippaun, their visitors, boarders and servants who slept or abode in the house on the night of Sunday 2nd April 1911.

There were 3 houses listed in the Townland of Bunnagippaun. Of the people living in Bunnagippaun all 31(18 males/13 females) were Roman Catholics.

Enumerators Extract

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai002435240/

House & Building Return

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai002435242/

People that lived in Bunnagippaun were born included Co. Galway. There were a total of 4 farm buildings and out offices.

Return of Out Offices & Farm Steading

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai002435244/

House 1

Patrick Hopkins aged 55 was head of the family; married to Bridget aged 57, they lived with their children Mary aged 18 & Barbara aged 16.

Patrick was a farmer. Patrick & Bridget could not read; they spoke only Irish. Mary & Barbara could read & write; they spoke Irish & English.

Patrick & Bridget were married for 20 years; they had 2 children with both living at the time of the census.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 2 front windows. They had 1 cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/912247/

House 2

Owen Conneely aged 70 was head of the family, married to Norah aged 58, they lived with their children Pat aged 23, Tom aged 20, Maggie aged 18, Katie aged 16 & Dan aged 12, all single.

Owen was a farmer; Pat & Tom were farmer’s sons. Katie & Dan were scholars.

Owen could not read & spoke only Irish. Norah could not read or write, Pat & Tom could not read; they spoke Irish & English.

Maggie, Katie & Dan could read & write and spoke Irish & English.

Owen & Norah were married for 29 years; they had 8 children with all 8 still living at the time of the census.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 2 front windows. They had a cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/912248/

House 3

Martin Conneely aged 51 was head of the family; married to Mary aged 40, they lived with their children Margaret aged 16, Thomas aged 14, Patrick aged 12, Daniel aged 10, Kate aged 7, Mary Anne aged 4 & Michael aged 1.

Martin was a farmer. Thomas was a farmer’s son & Patrick was a scholar. Martin, Margaret & Thomas could read and write. Mary, Patrick, Daniel, Kate, Mary Anne & Michael could not read. All the family with the exception of infant Michael spoke Irish & English.

Martin & Mary were married for 18 years; they had 8 children with 7 still living at the time of the census.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 1 front window. They had a cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/912249/

House 4

Patrick Conneely aged 53 was head of the family; married to Catherine aged 47, they lived with their children Martin aged 19, Pat aged 17, Owen aged 16, Andy aged 15, Mary aged 13, William aged 11, Julia aged 10, Michael aged 4 & Joseph aged 2.

Patrick was a farmer. Martin, Pat, Owen & Andy were farmer’s sons. Mary, William & Julia were scholars.

Patrick, Catherine, Martin & Mary could read & write & spoke Irish & English. Pat, Owen, Andy, William & Julia could not read. They all spoke Irish & English. Michael & Joseph could not read; they spoke only English.

Patrick & Catherine were married for 19 years; they had 9 children with all 9 still living at the time of the census.

They lived in a 3rd class house with 2 rooms & 1 front window. They had a cow house. This premise was a Private Dwelling.

http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1911/Galway/Oughterard/Bunnagippaun/912250/

Church records of births, deaths and marriages:

Church records of births, deaths and marriages are available online at http://www.rootsireland.ie. To search these records you will need to know the ‘church parish’ rather than the ‘civil parish’. (The civil parish is the pre-reformation parish and was frequently used as a unit of administration in the past.)

Bunnagippaun is in the civil parish of Kilcummin.

Catholic parish:

This civil parish corresponds with the following Roman Catholic parish or parishes.

  • Clonbern & Kilkerrin in Galway East.
  • Carraroe in Galway West.
  • Killannin in Galway West.
  • Kilcummin/Oughterard in Galway West.
  • Rosmuc in Galway West.

Church of Ireland parish:

This civil parish corresponds with the following Church of Ireland parish.

  • Kilcummin in Galway West.

In general, the civil parish and the Church of Ireland parish are the same, but, this is not always the case.

Maps

It is located at 53° 23′ 39″ N, 9° 19′ 40″ W.

Original OS map of this area 

Ireland was first mapped in the 1840s. These original maps are available online.

Bunnagippaun

Original OS maps at the Ordnance Survey of Ireland website 

Below is a link to the Ordnance Survey of Ireland website. It displays the original OS map that was created in the 1840s.

Bunnagippaun

Information from Google Maps:

You can use this link to find this townland on Google Maps.

Google Maps

Information from the National Monuments Service:

You can use this link to view a map of archaeological features. This link brings you to a website wherein you will have to search for your townland.

Archaeological map from the National Monuments Service

Townlands.ie Website

http://www.townlands.ie/galway/moycullen/kilcummin/oughterard-ed/bunnagippaun/

Galway Library Website

http://places.galwaylibrary.ie/asp/fullresult.asp?id=51978 

 

 

 

 

This page was added on 03/06/2014.

No Comments

Start the ball rolling by posting a comment on this page!

Add a comment about this page

Your email address will not be published.